What are the factors based on which the statement of a witness is given credence?

13. What are the factors based on which the statement of a witness is given
credence?
Following are the credibility factors in respect of oral evidence:
Factor How does it apply
Integrity of the witness Statement made by a person lacking integrity carries low
credibility
Interest in the outcome of
the case
A person who is interested in the outcome of the
proceedings carries low credibility
Competence Statement on technical issues are to be made by
persons who are conversant with it. For example,
whether two signatures are alike must be affirmed by a
handwriting expert
Conduct A witness who does not exaggerate, admits what he/she
did not see or hear carries more credence
Consistency Whether the statement is free from any self contradiction
Corroboration through
other evidence
Whether the statements are in tune with the evidence
derived from other sources.
Conformity with A witness who states things which are incredible for a

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experience normal human mind is hard to believe.
Conformity with normal
human conduct
A brother casting aspersions on the character of his
sister is difficult to believe.
Demeanour How does the witness look during deposition

How far the credibility of a witness depends upon his/her status?
Status has no role in determining the credibility of witness
15. What is meant by demeanour?
Demeanour denotes the posture and behavior of the witness while deposing. This
constitutes an important input in determining the credibility of evidence tendered by
the witnesses. Generally the following constitute demeanour:
hesitation
doubts
pace of deposition
variations in tone
confidence
calmness
posture
eye contact or the lack of it
facial expression i.e. bright or pale, etc.
Criminal Procedure Code provides that Magistrate should make note of the
demeannour of the witnesses. Similarly, the Inquiring Authority should also make
note of the demeanour of the witnesses.