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Should follow natural justice
opportunity has to be given to the delinquent to cross-examine these witnesses
where a major punishment proposed to be imposed an oral enquiry is a must
in a case where the inquiry officer is appointed, oral inquiry is mandatory
non holding of oral inquiry can vitiate the entire proceeding
in the disciplinary proceedings, the department is just like a plaintiff and initial burden lies on the department to prove the charges
any punishment awarded on the basis of an enquiry not conducted in accordance with the enquiry rules meant for that very purposes is unsustainable in the eye of law
The enquiries must be conducted bona fide
When the facts are admitted or no real prejudice has been caused to employee or no other conclusion is possible, in such situation the order shall not be vitiated.