What is the difference between the criminal trial and departmental

4. What is the difference between the criminal trial and departmental
proceedings in so far as evaluation of evidence is concerned?
Generally the following three points of distinction exist between criminal trial and
departmental proceedings in so far as evaluation of evidence is concerned:
(a) In criminal proceedings, standard of proof required is proof beyond
reasonable doubt. On the other hand, preponderance of probability is
adequate to establish the charge in departmental proceedings.
(b) Hearsay evidence is strictly prohibited in criminal trials. However, there
is no bar against the reception of hearsay evidence by domestic tribunals.
What value is to be attached to such evidence depends upon the facts and
circumstances of each case.
(c) In domestic inquiries, a relaxed procedure is adopted for allowing
circumstantial evidence.